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Aspenia

Federalism and the challenges presented by Italy’s South

    Aspenia 49
    • Rome
    • 15 July 2010

          Federalism is now at the center of the Italian political debate, despite having been considered a heterodox if not inflammatory idea not even a decade ago. Reassigning roles and responsibilities among the different levels and bodies of government is a necessity shared by all advanced democracies given the increased complexity of our economies and of the relationship between citizens and the state.

          Italy is in a particular situation compared to the majority of European countries because the country’s internal differences are not diminishing but are instead diverging and growing despite many central government initiatives and large transfers of resources over the course of many decades.

          To talk about the situation in the south – and thus by extension of the north as well – means to talk about the structure of the country as a whole; it is the fundamental question affecting the nation. In light of this, fiscal federalism can be seen as a goal in and of itself, yet it can also be seen as one piece in a more complex structural federal puzzle that must be completed. This second position, besides obviously needing legislative measures to initiate the process of decentralization, will certainly require constitutional reforms.

          In any case, the logical foundation of federalism presupposes a tightly interwoven relationship between taxation levels and the supply of public services in order to strengthen the link with democratic legitimacy. The process currently under way in Italy – as elsewhere – is therefore a discussion of the political foundations of the social pact of any modern advanced democracy.

          • Angelo Panebianco, Marta Dassù and Boris Biancheri
          • Giulio Tremonti
          • Ivanhoe Lo Bello and Roberto Calderoli
          • Roberto Calderoli and Giulio Tremonti
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          Strillo: Federalism and the challenges presented by Italy’s South